Iziko labantwana i-Children’s Institute kwiDyunivesithi yaseKapa i-UCT, likhuphe ingxelo echazayo okokuba izinga lokukhulelwa kwabantwana abancinci lichatshazelwa kukunqongophala kwemfundiso ngokwabelana ngesondo, ucalu-calulo ngokwesini, kunye neenkonzo zokuzala (reproductive healths ervices) ezingekho mgangathweni.
Ingxelo ye Children’s Institute ilikhuphe lacaca elokuba ukukhulelwa kwamantombazana bebancici akunanto yokwenza nesibonelelo senkxaso yabantwana karhulumente. Ubungqina bophando olwenziwe yi-Children’s Institute bubonisa okokuba izinga lokuzala nokukhulelwa kwabantwana abangaphatsi kweminyaka liyehla minyaka le.
Le ngxelo ithi isibonelelo senkxaso-mali yabantwana sinendima esiyidlalileyo ekuhleni kwezinga lokukhulelwa nokwabelana ngesondo emantombazaneni afikisayo. Ayiphelelanga apho, ikwadlala indima nasekubakhuseleni kweminye imikhuba efana nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi notywala.
“Abantu abagxeka inkonzo yezibonelelo zikarhulumente bakholelwa okokuba abantu kufuneka baziphatha ngendlela engafanelekileyo okanye basebenzise ubuqhophololo ukuze baxhamle kwezizibonelelo. Kanti elinye elixhaphakileyo lithi abaxhamli besisibonelelo abayisebenzisi ngokufaneleyo lemali– benza iinwele, bayichithe etywaleni, nezinye nezinye. Ezi zezinye zezizathu ezibangele ukuba lwenziwe olu phando, ngoba zizizathu ezaneleyo ukuba kuthwathe isigqibo sokuba zincitshiswe okanye zinqunyanyiswe na ezinkonzo zesibonelelo,” utsho uKatherine Hall ongumphandi oyintloko.
Iziko labantwana i-Children’s Institute kwiDyunivesithi yaseKapa i-UCT, likhuphe ingxelo ethi ukulwa ukumitha kwamantombazana amancinci kufuneka kuliwe ukunqongophala kwemfundiso ngokwabelana ngesondo, ucalu-calulo ngokwesini, kunye neenkonzo zokuzala (reproductive healths ervices) ezingekho mgangathweni. Umfanekiso ogciniweyo ngu Dibuseng Phaloane
Le ngxelo ithi kwinani labantu abamalunga nezigidi ezili-7.4 abafumana isibonelelo senkxaso yabantwana, lingaphantsi kuka-1% inani labangaphantsi kwama-20 ubudala. “Liyinene elokuba uMzantsi-Afrika unezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokukhulelwa kwabantwana abasebancinci kwaye yinto ekudala ikhona leyo ngaphambi kokufika kwezizibonelelo zika rhulumente. Ezona nto ziyintsusa yoku; kukungafikeleleki kweenkonzo zozalo (reproductive health services), kukunqongophala kwemfundiso ngokwabelana ngesondo, ucalu-calulo ngokwesini, noburhabxa kubasebenzi bamaziko ezempilo.Yinto ke leyo enokubathintela abantwana abazibandakanya kwinkonzo yokwabelana ngesondo ukuba bangayi ukuyothintela,” utshilo uHall.
Inkxaso yesibonelelo sabantwana ayonelanga
Ngokuchaseneyo noko, ingxelo ifumanise ukuba ngaphezulu kwekota yabantwana eMzantsi Afrika basaqhubeka nokuthwala ubunzima bentlupheko nangona besifumana esisiboneleleo sabantwana nyanga nenyanga. Nangona eli ilelinye lamanyathelo aphumeleleyo karhulumente ngokufikeleleka abantwini, kodwa aliyizalisekisi injongo yokuphelisa indlala ebantwaneni.
I-Children’s Institute ithi umda wemali yokuphuma ebuhlwempini (FPL) ngo-2023 uzakuba yi-R760 umntu ngenyanga. Ingxelo esihloko esithi, Reducing Child Poverty, ichaza ukuba lo ngowona mlinganiselo uphantsi wokubonelela ngezona zidingo zibalulekileyo. Ukuba isibonelelo sabantwana (R510) singenyuselwa kumda wokwazi ukuphuma ebuhlwempini (R760), lonto ingenza umahluko omkhulu kakhulu ekunciphiseni izinga lendlala ebantwaneni. Inani labantwana elingapha kwezigidi ezi-1.5 linganyuka ngaphezulu komda wendlala-kutya (FPL), kunciphe nezinga lwendlala, ukungondleki nokudodobala kwabantwana.
Omnye womzali wabaxhamli abathathu besibonelelo sabantwana noxhomekeke kuso kuphela njengengeniso lwasekhaya, u-Phathiswa Bawuti, uthi kunzima kakhulu kuba lemali ayizoneli izidingo zabo. “Kunzima kuba imali ayifikeleli kwizidingo zethu zenyanga, asikwazi nokufumana ukutya okwaneleyo ukusixhasa inyanga yonke,” utshilo.
Yatshintsha ngakumbi imeko yolusapho ngexesha lokumiswa kweentshumo zonke kweli, Covid-19, abantwana bengayi esikolweni wonke umntu esedlini. Nto ke leyo eyabangela uxinzelelo ulokhulu ngakumbi ekutyeni. “Zange kubonakale mahluko, koko imeko yasuke yambi nangakumbi, abantwana balamba oko behleli nje bayatya,”utshilo uPhathiswa.
Ngexesha kwakukhutshwa ukutya kunikezelwa kubantu ngexesha lokuvalwa ngenxa yesifo seCovid-19. Umfanekiso nguLilita Gcwabe
Nangona ezinye iintsapho zivakalise ukungoneli kwesisibonelelo se-CSG, bakhona abancomayo nabathi bona siwenzile umahluko kumakhaya wabo. U-Noluvuyo Meva, oneshishini lokoja nokuthengisa inyama akawuvali umlomo wakhe ngendlela isibonelelo sikarhulumente sabantwana esithe salulutho ngayo kusapho lwakhe. “Sandinceda kakhulu mna isibonelelo sabantwana bam, kuba kaloku besingasaphangeli sobabini nomyeni wam. Amajoni ebebetha wonke abambona esendleleni engathi uyathengisa okanye uqhuba naliphi na ishishini,” utsho lo wakwa Meva.
Nangonakunjalo, yinyani engenakuphikiswa ukuba nokube iCSG ibikunokujongana neemfuno zomntwana kuphela, akwanelanga, itsho ingxelo yeZiko Lwabantwana. Umsantsa phakathi komgca wokuhlwempuzeka kokutya kunye ne CSG yinto engenakurhoxiswa. NgokweChildrens’ Institute, oku kuye kwanda ngenxa yonyuso lonyaka oluye lwagcinwa ukuze lulungenelelane nesixase CSG. “Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okutya kuye kwaphakama ngokukhethekileyo kule minyaka mibini idluleyo, yaye ngeloxesha umsantsa wanda kakhulu. Amandla okuthenga e-CSG acinyiwe kwaye ixabiso legranti (eligama R510 ngenyanga) ngoku lingaphantsi kwama-33% kumda wentlupheko yokutya (iR760 ngenyanga),” utshilo uKatherine Hall, uMphandi omkhulu weZiko Lwabantwana.
Ngokwe-Pietermaritzburg Economic Justice and Dignity Group’s Household Affordability Index, ingobozi yokutya yasekhaya ngoSeptember ibonisa ukuba ukutya okukwibhaskithi kuxabisa i-R5,155.77, i-R31.43 (0.6%) ngaphezu kuka-August ibixabisa i-R5,124.34. kunye ne-R349.91 (7.3%) ngaphezu konyaka odlulileyo. Elona xabiso linyuke kakhulu lelerayisi (i-10kg), apho ixabiso lenyuke nge-R11.18, ukusuka kwi-R146.61 ngo-August ukuya kwi-R157.79 ngo-September. Okunye ukwanda okukhulu kuphawulwe kwi-butternut (17%), i-peanut butter (18%), iCremora (5%), ibanana (7%), ama-oranges (12%) kunye ne-Peanut butter (5%).
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